by admin | Jun 7, 2015 | sem3
8 QAM 8-QUADRATURE AMPLITUDE MODULATION(8-QAM): The amplitude gets changed in 8-QAM , and it is not a constant value. 3 bits encoded forming tribits and producing 8 different output phase. N = 3, M = 2N = 23 = 8 Therefore 8 output phases will be produced. 8-QAM...
by admin | Jun 7, 2015 | sem3
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is both an analog and a digital modulation scheme. It conveys two analog message signals, or two digital bit streams, by changing (modulating) the amplitudes of two carrier waves, using the...
by admin | Jun 7, 2015 | sem3
16 PSK 16-PHASE SHIFT KEYING (16-PSK): Angle modulated with constant amplitude digital modulation. 4 bits encoded forming and producing 16 different outputa are possible. N = 4, M = 2N = 24 = 16 Therefore 16 output phases will be produced Each channel bit rate is...
by admin | Jun 7, 2015 | sem3
8 PSK 8-PSK modulation basics or multilevel PSK modulation which is a type of digital modulation based on carrier phase change. In Phase Shift keying modulation or PSK modulation phase of carrier is changed according to the digital data. It is digital modulation...
by admin | Jun 7, 2015 | sem3
QPSK Quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) Constellation diagram for QPSK with Gray coding. Each adjacent symbol only differs by one bit. Sometimes this is known as quadriphase PSK, 4-PSK, or 4-QAM. (Although the root concepts of QPSK and 4-QAM are different, the...
by admin | Jun 7, 2015 | sem3
BPSK BPSK (also sometimes called PRK, phase reversal keying, or 2 PSK) is the simplest form of phase shift keying (PSK). It uses two phases which are separated by 180° and so can also be termed 2-PSK. It does not particularly matter exactly where the constellation...